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LLM02

Sensitive Data Disclosure

PII leakage, credential extraction, PHI inference, exfiltration via code

What is Sensitive Data Disclosure?

Sensitive Data Disclosure is ranked LLM02 in the OWASP LLM Top 10 (2025) — the industry-standard taxonomy for large language model security risks. It represents one of the most commonly exploited vulnerability classes in production AI deployments.

How Nemesis tests for it

Sensitive Data Disclosure

PII leakage from context windows, credential extraction, PHI inference, output-channel exfiltration via generated code.

12 test casesNIST AC-3NIST SC-28NIST MP-6

Real-world incidents

2024
OpenAIChatGPT

Researchers demonstrated that injecting instructions into ChatGPT's long-term memory feature caused the model to quietly exfiltrate user data in subsequent conversations - including chats that occurred days after the initial injection. The attack persisted until memory was manually cleared.

Security Research, 2024

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